淮北平原杨-麦间作系统的小气候效应与土壤水分变化研究

Microclimatic effect and soil moisture change of poplar-wheat intercropping systems in Huaibei Plain

对淮北平原的杨-麦间作系统的小气候效应和土壤水分的研究表明,在冬小麦发育的拔节期和灌浆期,林粮带状间作与对照地相比可以降低农田地面温度1～7℃,提高相对湿度 2%～8%,农田日照时数减低量随间作行间距和时间而变化,范围在4.1%～15.3%之间;农田林网可以提高相对湿度6.4%～11.6%,日照时数减少8.5%～11.7%.农林带状间作可以提高土壤含水率,幅度随间作密度而定,一般可提高含水率0.67%～3.87%;农田林网的土壤含水率与林带的方位和离林带的距离有关,在各个方位上均与离林带的距离呈显著负相关.

In this paper, the microclimatic effect and the soil moisture of poplar-wheat intercropping systems were studied. The results indicated that the strip intercropping, comparing with the contrast, could increase the relative humidity by 2 - 8 % , decrease the surface temperature by 1- 7℃ , and reduce wind speed. The illumination hours were decreased with the time and the distance between the rows, and the varying range was within 4. 1 -15.3% . In shelterbelt network, the relative humidity was increased by 6. 4 -11. 6%, and the illumination hours were decreased by 8.5-11.7%. In strip intercropping, the intercropping systems could improve soil moisture, which was varied with the intensity of tree, and generally, the increase of soil moisture was about in a range of 0.67-3.87% . In shelterbelt network, the soil moisture was related to the orientation and the distance from the shelterbelt, and there existed negative correlation between the soil moisture and the distance in all orientations.