多功能营养型蔬菜无土栽培基质的特性研究

Characteristics of functional and nutritious soilless culture substrate for vegetables

采用多功能营养型无土栽培基质进行黄瓜、番茄和辣椒无土栽培研究.结果表明,多功能营养型无土栽培基质肥力较高,养分基本平衡.相关微生物(如氨化菌、硝化菌和纤维素分解菌等)数量多,脲酶、转化酶和蛋白酶等活性高,有利于基质有机成分的转化.黄瓜、番茄和辣椒的产量较土壤栽培分别提高23.83%、27.34%和32.98%.辣椒产值增加 180.85%,纯收入提高 109.69%.产品质量均达到“无公害”蔬菜标准.

A functional and nutritious substrate for soilless culture, which consists of peant shell, sawdust, vermiculite, chicken manure, coal cinder, etc, was used to grow cucumbers, tomatoes and peppers in this experiment. The results showed that the substrate was rich in organic matter, N, available P and K, in which the nutrients were basically in balance for three vegetables. High content of microorganisms and high activity of soil enzymes were propitious to the transformation of organic components in the substrate. The yields of cucumber, tomato and pepper increased by 23.83%, 27.34% and 32.98%, respectively. The production value of peppers increased by 180.85%, and its net income increased by 109.69% . The qualities of three vegetables were coincident with 'harmless vegetable' standards.