车八岭保护区及其邻近地区的木兰科植物种群及其保护现状

Population and conservation status of Magnoliaceae at Chebaling National Nature Reserve and its vicinity

报道了广东省始兴县车八岭国家级自然保护区及其邻近地区木兰科植物种群特点及保护现状。木兰科植物通常位于人为破坏较轻 ,林相保存较好 ,以壳斗科、樟科、茶科为主要建群种的中亚热带常绿阔叶林中。共设置了 9个面积为 4 0 0 m2的样方。在样方中共记录了 3种木兰科植物 :观光木 ( Tsoongiodendron odor-um Chun)、深山含笑 ( Michelia maudiae Dunn)和金叶含笑 ( M.foveolata Merr.ex Dandy)。其中 ,深山含笑的种群较大 ,呈稳定结构 ,但主要局限于保护区内保护较好的地域 ;金叶含笑种群面临濒危 ,种群小 ,在保护区呈零星分布 ;观光木的分布区域相对较广 ,在保护区内外均见分布 ,但种群较小 ,特别是在保护区外的种群 ,由于人为的干扰 ,种群在急剧减少。大多数木兰科植物的种群在原生境均表现出自然更新不良 ,必须加以保护。分析了影响车八岭及其邻近地区木兰科植物种群及其群落发展的主要限制因素 ,建议加强自然保护知识的宣传和木兰科植物的人工保育 。

The population and conservation status of Magnoliaceae species at Chebaling National Nature Reserve and its vicinity were briefly described. A total of 9 plots (400 m 2 each),with 7 plots at the Chebaling Nature Reserve and 2 plots outside of the Reserve,were surveyed between 1999 and 2000. The species of Magnoliaceae are usually found in well protected communities which usually have diverse flora and are dominated by Fagaceae,Lauraceae,and Theaceae. Three species of Magnoliaceae: Tsoongiodendron odorum Chun,Michelia maudiae Dunn,and M. foveolata Merr. ex Dandy were seen in the studied plots. Michelia maudiae has the largest and stable population, but it is mainly confined to the Nature Reserve; M. foveolata is most endangered with very small population and confined to a small patch at the Reserve. Tsoongiodendron odorum was seen both inside and outside of the Nature Reserve, but the populations was declining,especially that outside of the Nature Reserve owing to serious human disturbance. Most of the populations of Magnoliaceae are not well regenerated in situ. They have to be protected. Major factors affecting the populations of those species were briefly discussed. Enhancing education of conservation and research on ecology of relevant species is necessary for the conservation and management of local natural resources.