皖南山区1990—2000年钩端螺旋体病监测

Surveillance of Leptospirosis in Wannan Mountain Areas

目的 掌握皖南山区钩体病的流行规律和疫情发展趋势。方法 分析流行病学、血清学 (MAT)、病原学。结果 皖南山区是我省钩体病重疫区 ,病例数占近十年总数 92 .90 % ,且疫情稳定 ,季节明显 ,是典型的稻田型钩体病疫区。从宿主动物和传染源分离的钩端螺旋体分属 8群 9型 ,鼠肾PCR检测感染率为1 1 .67% (1 4 / 1 2 0 )。黄山区鼠血清学分属 3群 4型 ,并从黑线姬鼠肾中首次分获钩体棉兰型一株。牛血清检测感染率为 3661 .2 9%分属 8群 9型 ,其中赛罗群占 33 .31 4 2 .1 1 %。自然人群MAT总感染率为 2 1 .2 4 %分属 7群 7型 ,其中赛罗群占 42 .70 % ,黄疸出血群仅为 1 9.1 0 %。而 1 992年之前自然人群血清学分属 7群 ,其中黄疸出血群占 2 2 .75 % ,犬和七日热群各占 1 7.96 % ,病人血清检测结果 91 .80 %为黄疸出血群。结论 皖南山区钩体病菌型出现更迭 。

Objective Purpose of the report is to acknowledge the epidemic regulation and situation of Leptospirosis. Methods Epidemiological analysis, MAT, isolation of L. interrogans were made. Results Wannan mountain is a major epidemic area of Leptospirosis in Anhui Province and the cases accounts for 92.9% in recent 10 years. It belongs to L. inadai epidemic areas, with stable endemic and predominant seasonal distribution. The host animals and main epidemic sources of Leptospirosis belong to 8 serogroups and 9 serovars. The infection rate of L. interrogans in rots was 11.67% by using PCR for the detection of kidneys of rats. The classification of serum samples from rats in Huangshan District showed 3 serogroups and 4 serovars and isolated a strain of medanesis of L. interrogans from Apodemus agrarius. The infection rate of L. interrogans in oxes was 36-61.29%. They belonged to 3 serogroups and 4 serovars, of those the Sejroe accounted for 33.31-42.11%. The total infection rate of L. interrogans in natural population was 21,24% by MAT. They belonged to 7 serovars, the Sejrore 42.70%, the Icterohaemorrhagiae 19.10%. The classification of serum samples in the population belonged to 7 serogroups before 1992, the Icterohaemorrhagiae 22.75%, the Canicola and Hebdomadis 17.96% respectively. 91.80% of positive samples were Icterhaemorrhagiae. For the first time, L. interrogans alternated apparently in Wannan mountain areas. Conclusions L. interrogans alternated apparently in Wannan mountain areas, which presented with scientific guideline for prevention strategy.