当代英语被动句分类研究

A Study on the Classification of English Passive Sentences(EPS)

在言语交际中英语被动句因其特定的语篇、语用及修辞功能而得到广泛的应用。本文在语料统计分析的基础上 ,对被动句的分类 (分别依据被动句的结构特征和是否带有施事 )进行了研究 ,最后发现 :1、Be-型一般被动句占据了绝大多数 ,其次依次为 Be-型复杂被动句、Get-型一般被动句和 Have-型复杂被动句 ;2、无标志被动句是英语被动句的常规形式。施事可以是专名、不定的名词词组、非生物性名词词组 ,同样也可以是动名词和从句。专名既可以是人 。

EPS have been widely applied in verbal communication due to their particular textual,pragmatic and rhetoric functions.Based on the study of corpora,this paper has implored the classifications of EPS(according to their structural features and agents respectively).Finally,the author come to realize that:First,Be-General Passive Sentences overwhelm in EPS,and the followings are Be-Complex English Passive Sentences,Get-General Passive Sentences and Have-Complex Passive Sentences in turn.Second,Unmarked English Passive Sentences are the conventional forms of EPS.Agents can not only be proper nouns,indefinite noun phrases,unanimated noun phrases,but also be gerunds and clauses.Proper nouns can be persons and objects as well.