贫困地区农民采用科技的心理分析及其促进对策

Analyzing Farmers'Psychological Features in Adopting technologies in Poor Area,Promoting the Development of Agriculture Extension

农民采用科学技术过程是指农民从获得科学技术信息到最终采用的心理、行为变化过程。这个过程包括认识、感兴趣、评价、试用和采用五个心理阶段 ,推动这个过程进程的力量就是农业推广。搞好农业推广必须分析农民采用科学技术的心理特点。我国贫困地区农民采用科学技术的心理特点表现有 10种心理 :安贫心理、依赖心理、自卑心理、迫切心理、农本心理、自给心理、守旧心理、求稳心理、从众心理、现实心理。促进贫困地区农民采用科学技术 ,应在把握贫困地区农民采用科学技术的心理特点的基础上 ,选择如下相应对策 :提高贫困地区农民科技致富意识 ;增强贫困地区农民采用科学技术的信心 ;培育贫困地区农民采用科学技术的本领 ;创造贫困地区农民采用科学技术的良好外部条件。

The process of adopting technologies for farmers is farmers'psychology and action changing procdss from the acquirement to the adoption of technological information.There are five psychological stages in that process including understanding,interesting,evaluating,experimenting,adopting and the power that would impel that process is agriculture extension.It is necessary for dealing with aariculture extension efficiently to analyze farmers'psychological features in adopting technologies.There are ten farmers'psychological features in adopting technologies in poor area in china,such as self-satisfaction,dependence,self-humiliation,imminence,farming-principal,self-support,conservatism,safety,conformity,realism.Consequently,based on the analysis of those features,some corresponding countermeasures for promoting the adoption of technologies in poor area are pointed out as follows:raising farmers'consciousness for increasing income by the use of technologies,strengthening farmers'confidences in adopting technologies;fostering farmers'capabilities of adopting technologies and creating available external conditions for farmers in adopting technologies.