三种桉叶油化学成分研究

A STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL FROM THE LEAVES OF THREE SPECIES OF EUCALYPTUS

通过水蒸汽蒸油试验,发现已贮藏半年多的风干桉叶,仍有较高的含油量。云南省弥勒产的直杆桉(Eucalyptus maidenii)得油率为4.14％,蓝桉(E.globulus)为3.5％,福建省惠安产的窿缘桉(E.exserta)为1.2％,桉叶油生产厂也可以通过贮藏的风干桉叶生产桉叶油。通过气相色谱和质谱分析,从直杆桉叶油中鉴定出44个组份,蓝桉叶油中鉴定出35个组份,窿缘桉叶油中鉴定出26个组份。三种桉叶油单萜部分的组份基本一致,只是相对含量各有不同。桉油素含量,以直杆桉最高为68.02％,其次是蓝桉为67.54％,窿缘桉最低为34.33％。直杆桉、蓝桉可以怍材、油两用树种,窿缘桉不宜作油用树种。

Air-dry eucalyptus leaves scored for half year can still obtain rich essential oil by hydrodistillation test.The Eucalyptus maidenii and the Eucalyptus globulus growing in Mile Yunnan province contained 4.14% and 3.5% essential oil.The Eucalyptus exserta growing in Huian Fujian province contained 1.2% essential old.Air-dry eucalyptus leaves stored can be raw material for producing eucalyptus oil.The constituents of eucalyptus oils analysed qualitatively and quantitatively by GC and GC-MS.44 components of E.maidcnii,35 components of E.globulus and 26 components of E.exserta were isolated and identified.The three eucalyptus oils have similar monoterpene components,in which each component is different in content.The main constituent in the three eucalyptus oils is 1,6 cineol.The 1,8 cincol content is 68.02% of the E.maidenii,67.54% of the E. globulus and 34.33% of the E.exserta.The E.maidenli and E. globulus are sultable for forestation species for wood and oil.The E. exserta is not sultable for forestation species fot oil.