桑树不同倍数体间形态学与组织学差异的比较研究(英文)

A Comparative Study on Morphological and Histological Differences Among Different Ploids of Mulberry(Morus spp.)

对 2倍体、3倍体和 4倍体桑树的形态学和组织学差异进行了研究 ,测定了不同倍数性桑树的单条长度、株条长度、单叶重、单叶面积和气孔的叶绿体数。结果表明 ,所有这些数量性状在不同倍数性间都存在统计学上的显著差异。单条长与株条长度为 3x >2x >4x,单叶重 ,叶面积和叶绿体数为 4x >3x >2x。此特征可以作为多倍体育种程序中初始阶段鉴别与筛选不同倍数体的辅助指标。研究还表明 ,3倍体有着优良的经济性状 ,由两种杂交组合培育的三倍体中 ,平均单条长 2x♀× 4x 显著长于 4x♀× 2x ;从 2倍体杂种实生苗诱导的 4倍体比 2倍体无性系诱导的 4倍体有更好的经济性状。

A study on the morphological and histological differences among diploids,triploids and tetraploids of mulberry was carried out.All the ploids were evaluated for total length of branches per plant,length of single branch,single leaf weight,single leaf area and stomatal chloroplast number.The results have shown statistically significant differences among the ploids for all the parameters.Height of the plant was found to be 3x>2x>4x.Single leaf weight,leaf size/area and chloroplast number were 4x>3x>2x.These characters can be adopted as an auxiliary index for distinguishing and screening of mulberry ploids at primary level.The study also suggests that the triploids have superior economic characters and the single branch length of 3x bred from 2x♀×4x was significantly longer than that from 4x♀×2x within the same ploidy level.Tetraploids induced from hybrid seedling diploids were much better than that induced from vegetative parts of diploids.