《周髀算经》中天文学思想评述

COMMENTS ON THE ASTRONOMICAL IDEAS OF ZHOU BI CLASSIC ON MATHEMATICS

《周髀算经》中包含有较完整的天文学思想,本文对其进行了尽可能客观的评述.认为第二次盖天说虽然没有浑天说先进,但反映了在其形成年代人们认识宇宙的进步,人们在其指导下对昼夜、四季现象有了较为深入的认识,并建立了合理的方向概念和原始的地方时概念.人们对北极和赤道附近有关情况的推测与真实情况也很接近.对其日径测量的方法也作了尽可能客观的评价.

There are intact astronomical ideas in the Zhou Bi Classic on Mathematics. In this paper they are commented as objectively as possible. Being not as advanced as the theory of Sphereheavens, the second theory of Canopy-heavens shows the progress of the knowledge about the universe. Under the guidance of this theory, people got a further understanding of the origins of the day, night and season and established a rational idea of orientation as well as the primary idea of the local time. The inference of the arctic regions and equatorial areas is close to reality too. The method of determination of the solar diameter is also commented as objectively as possible.