东北亚运输合作:中国与朝鲜半岛陆路交通联系与运输组织战略

A study on land transportation linkages and organizational strategy of direct railway transportation between China and Korean Peninsula

本文从促进东北亚地区经济合作健康发展角度出发 ,以分析预测中国与朝鲜半岛间潜在的运输需求为基础 ,阐述了构建中国与朝鲜半岛陆路交通联系对完善东北亚和黄海经济区交通运输体系的战略意义 ;构想了组织陆路交通联系的地域模式 ,并简要评价了不同模式的可行性和经济效益潜力。提出了以“轴—辐”模式组织中国与朝鲜半岛的陆路交通联系是最合理的观点。

With relaxation of the tension in Korean Peninsula, new motive forces for economic interactions between China and Korean Peninsula have emerged. This trend implies the rationality for the possible establishment of coordinated regional transportation system and a rational organization of across_border regional transportation. The improvement of land transportation linkages is among the key issues to be considered for the time being. There are four reasonable points persuade us to develop the land transportation linkages between China and Korean Peninsula. First of all, it could be beneficial to the development of regional economic cooperation. Second, It can contribute to the improvement of transportation system of Yellow Sea Rim region. From long_run perspective, the development of land transport linkage between China and Korean Peninsula may form a new path of land bridge transport for the region. Third, it could be helpful to the healthy transform and development of P.R. Korea. Last, it could promote the regional tourism development. The provision of convenient land transportation will enable the expansion of tourism market through organization of across_boundary tourism routes. According to the analysis on the increasing demand for across_border passenger and freight transportation, the result shows that there is a great potential demand for Sino_Korean Peninsula direct land transportation. It is estimated that there is 5 million tons of annual freight traffic volume to be undertaken by railway transportation between China and South Korean in 2010. Considering the growing transportation and the rational transportation organization, the 'Hub_and_Spoke' system should be applied for land transportation organization. Pusan/Seoul-Pyongyang-Shenyang-Harbin direct transport and Pusan/Seoul-Pyongyang-Shenyang-Beijing/Tianjin direct transport should be operated. Efforts should be put on the study of the commonly adopted scheme of benefit sharing and the establishment of the necessary legislation framework.