耐盐野生大豆(Glycine soja)的光周期效应

Effects of Photoperiod on Salt-tolerant Glycine soja

以原产山东东营的耐盐野生大豆为材料 ,观察了不同日长和不同光周期数处理对植株开花时间、数量、结荚率、鼓粒率以及生长和光合速率的影响 :(1)短日照处理促进野生大豆开花 ,其开花临界日长是 13h ;(2 )在 8h日长处理条件下野生大豆开花所需最小光周期数是 10个 ,且随着处理光周期数的增加 ,促进开花和开花后发育的效应有逐步增强的趋势 ,不足的光周期数处理可以引起成花逆转现象 ;(3)经短日处理的野生大豆植株生长减慢、光合速率降低 ,且随着日长缩短 。

Seedlings of Glycine soja were exposed to various day lengths (5-14 h) and numbers of photoinductive cycles (6-15) when the fifth compound leaves appeared. Times of appearance and numbers of flowers, the rates of podding and pod filling were investigated. Growth and photosynthetic rates after photoperiod treatments were determined. Results showed that: (1) Flowering of Glycine soja plants was promoted by short day length, and the maximum day length of Glycine soja flowering was 13 h. In addtion, for the first time it was proved that the suitable day length range for flowering of Glycine soja was 8-13 h and the suitable day length facilitated flowering and post flowering development of Glycine soja plants (Table 1, Fig.1 1 and 2); (2) the minimum photoinductive cycles for flowering of Glycine soja plants under 8 h day length treatments was about 10, and with the increasing of the number of photoinductive cycles, its effects on flowering and post flowering development of Glycine soja plants was stronger and stronger, but under the treatments of insufficient number of photoinductive cycles on the Glycine soja plants, the times of flowering were later and the number of flowers were fewer and even no flowers appeared (Table 2), furthermore flower reversion in Glycine soja was observed firstly (Fig.1 3 and 4); (3) the rates of growth and photosynthesis of Glycine soja plants under short day length treatments were reduced, the shorter the day length, the lower the rates of growth and photosynthesis (Tables 3,4). The possible reasons of decreasing of the growth and photosynthesis rates of the Glycine soja plants and the relation between the number of flowers and the growth and photosynthesis of the Glycine soja plants under short day length treatments were discussed.