三根三棱针内固定治疗儿童股骨干骨折的生物力学实验研究

THREE TRIANGULAR NEEDLES IN THE TREATMENT OF CHILD FEMORAL SHAFT FRACTURE:A BIOMECHANICAL EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

目的通过对儿童股骨干骨折的三种内固定治疗方法的生物力学研究,借以获得最佳的治疗方法。方法选取10根儿童尸体股骨标本,分别用三根三棱针、梅花针、接骨板内固定,然后进行生物力学检测。结果(一)三点弯曲检测①前侧加力,三棱针刚度居中,残余变形最小。②外侧加力,三棱针刚度最小,残余变形居中。③外侧下压(40mm),三棱针残余变形最小。(二)扭转检测①三棱针外旋、内旋刚度及残余角居中。②外旋15度,三棱针残余角最小。结论通过三点弯曲和扭转生物力学实验证明,三棱针弹性好,可复性能最佳,抗扭转作用力最强。三根三棱针内固定治疗儿童股骨干骨折明显优于梅花针和接骨板。

Objective:The biomechanical study of three kinds of internal fixations was performed in order to get the best treatment of femoral shaft fracture in child.Methods Three triangular needles,cloverleaf nails and plate were used respectively as internal fixators in10femoral specimens from child corpses and subjected to biomechanical tests.Results1.Three point bendings①Under Anterior loading,the rigidity of triangular needle was medium,its remnant deformation was smallest.②Lateral loading,the rigidity of triangular needle was smallest,its rem-nant deformation was medium.③Under Lateral downward loading(40mm),the remnant deformation of triangular needle was smallest.2.Torsive tests:①The rigidity and the remnant angle of the triangular needle were medi-um when it was rotated externally and internally.②The remnant angle of the triangular needle was smallest when it was rotated externally15°.Conclusion The biomechanical experiments of three point bending and tor-sive tests proved that the triangular needle had good elasticity,best restorable function and strongest anti-rota-tion force.The use of three triangular needles of internal fixation for the treatment of child femoral shaft frac-ture was evidently better than those of cloverleaf nail and bone fracture plate.