正畸矫治器对牙面细菌组成变化的影响

Effects of Orthodontic Appliances on Oral Micro-ecological Environment

目的 :探讨戴用固定矫治器对牙面细菌组成的影响。方法 :选择 5 0例正畸患者按照不同口腔卫生措施要求分为两组。 10例未经正畸治疗者作为对照组。分别于戴矫治器前 ,戴入后 2、4、8周采集左下第一磨牙及右下第二双尖牙的菌斑 ,测定菌斑的细菌组成。结果 :下颌第一磨牙带环戴入前后不同时期、不同刷牙频率和时间 ,检出的牙面菌斑细菌组成无明显差异。下颌第二双尖牙粘托槽后 ,牙面菌斑细菌组成发生显著变化 ,杆菌比例升高 ,球菌比例下降 ,而口腔卫生措施的不同也对菌斑细菌的组成有明显影响。结论 :戴用托槽后 ,下颌第二双尖牙远中区菌斑细菌杆菌比例增高 ,易成为诱发牙龋坏和牙龈炎的潜在因素。但通过加强刷牙漱口的频率和时间 ,有助于减少牙龋坏和牙龈炎的发生。

Objective:This study aimed at investigating effects of fixed appliances on the oral micro_ecological environment and establishing further the potential relationship between fixed appliances and the occurrence of caries and gingivitis during orthodontic treatment. Methods:50 orthodontic subjects were divided into two equal experimental groups according to the frequency and period of tooth_brushing. 10 non_treated volunteers served as the control group. Dental plaque samples were taken from the testing site at four different times, before the treatment, and 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after the placement of the orthodontic brackets and bands. Congo red negative stained smear was introduced to determine the composition of the bacteria from dental plaque. Results:After the insertion of brackets, the dental plaque from the distobuccal aspects of the second mandibular bicuspids showed significant shifts on the composition of bacteria along with time, the percentage of bacilli increased; contrarily, a decrease in cocci was noted. The frequency and period of tooth_brushing influenced the transformation of composition of bacteria distinctly. Whereas the dental plaque sample from the molar margin did not show significance changes in composition of bacteria after banding despite of the varied oral hygiene measures. Conclusion:The insertion of brackets in the second mandibular bicuspid caused the change of microecological environment by 'shifting' the dental plaque to a more disease_inducing population and became the potential factor of the gingivitis and caries during orthodontic treatment, but reinforced oral hygiene measure would be helpful in reducing the risk of caries and gingivitis in bicuspid. \;