西瓜枯萎病拮抗菌株筛选及田间防效试验

Selection of Antagonistic Strains Against Watermelon Wilt and Their Biocontrol Efficiency

本试验通过大量分离筛选 ,共获得对西瓜枯萎病菌具有较强拮抗作用的木霉 9株及细菌 1 0株 ,其中以绿色木霉TR 8菌株和芽孢杆菌B6 7菌株的拮抗作用最强。将两菌株分别发酵后 ,制备成TR 8制剂和B6 7制剂 ,并将两菌株发酵物混合后制备成健根宝粉剂。室内人工接种试验表明 ,3种拮抗菌制剂对西瓜枯萎病均有较好的防治效果 ,尤以健根宝粉剂的防治效果最理想。田间试验表明 ,健根宝粉剂以 1∶50拌土在播种时穴施 ,对西瓜枯萎病的防效达80 %以上 ,显著高于常用药剂多菌灵和施特灵。此外 。

antagonistic Trichoderma spp. and 10 bacterial isolates against the pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum were isolated and selected from hundreds of soil and plant roots samples. Among the strains, Trichoderma viride TR 8 and Bacillus sp. B67 were the most effective ones and fermented to prepare their inocula and their mixture named Jiangenbao. Inoculation tests in greenhouse showed that all the biocontrol agents had good control effectiveness for control of watermelon wilt disease. Jiangenbao dust was more effective than its rwo constituents used alone. In field trials, when Jiangenbao dust diluted with soil at the ratio of 1∶50 was applied into seed delves before sowing, 80% control effect against watermelon wilt was obtained, which was apparently higher than that of carbendazim and amino oligosaccharin. Furthermore, it was also observed that Jiangenbao dust could enhance watermelon plant growth.