植物耐盐性研究进展

Advances in Study of Salt-Stress Tolerance in Plants

盐胁迫损害植物质膜的正常功能 ,造成植物气孔关闭 ,光合降低 ,耗能增加 ,养分离子吸收不平衡。目前已从许多植物中分离了一些盐胁迫诱导的基因及基因上游序列 ,但对植物耐盐分子机理尚未完全阐明 ,主要有渗透调节、拒盐机理、盐的区隔化、钾离子运输调控系统、水通道蛋白和光合途径改变等几种假说 ,有些耐盐基因已被成功转入植物中。研究表明 ,添加一些外源物质能提高植物的耐盐性。

Salt stress damages the functions of plasma membrane and induces stoma-closing, photosynthesis-decreasing, over energy-consuming and unbalance of unorganic ion absorbing in plants. Many salt-inducible genes have been cloned,and there are some hypotheses on molecular mechanisms of salt-stress tolerance, such as osmotic adjustment,salt-resistence, compartmentation, regulated potassium transport system, regulated water channel and converted photosynthesis pathway.Some salt-inducible genes have been transformed into plants,and it was evidenced that exogenous matters can enforce the ability to tolerate salt stress.