不同高产水稻品种叶片的荧光参数的日变化和光适应特性的关系

The Relationship between Diurnal Variation of Fluorescence Parameters and Characteristics of Adaptation to Light Intensity in Leaves of Different Rice Varieties with High Yield (Oryza sativa L.)

以籼型杂交稻汕优 6 3,中粳 95 16 ,亚种间两系杂交稻培矮 6 4 S/ E32 ,培矮 6 4 S/ 9311和 X0 7S/紫恢 10 0 ,以及三系杂交稻冈优 881为材料 ,测定其在孕穗期连体倒二叶片的荧光参数的日变化 ,并鉴定其耐光氧化和耐荫特性。结果表明 :6个水稻品种叶片的原初光化学效率 (Fv/ Fm ) ,实际光化学量子产量 (Φ PS )和通过 PS 的电子传递速率(ETR)的日变化与光强有关。在强光下 ,PS 功能下调 ,中午有明显的光抑制。适应强光的品种 ,光抑制较轻 ;遮荫处理后叶片的荧光参数下降较多 ,适应低光强的品种降幅较少。亚种间杂交稻培矮 6 4 S/ E32在自然条件下和遮荫后的植株叶片的荧光参数的日变化的数值接近 ,是既耐荫又耐光氧化 (适应广幅光强 )的类型。统计分析表明 :ETR和 Fv/Fm是与水稻产量稳定密切相关的生理指标。

Six rice varieties with high yield which were Indica hybrid Shanyou 63, Japonica 9516,intersubspecific hybrid Peiai 64S/E32, Peiai64 S/9311, X07S/Zihui 100,Guangyou 881, were used to study the diurnal variation in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and the trait tolerant to photooxidation and shading in rice leaves in boot stage. The results showed that the diurnal variation of PSⅡprimarily chemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), quantum yield of PSⅡlinear electron(ΦPSⅡ) and estimated electron transport rate (ETR) in 6 rice varieties related to light intensity. Under strong light intensity at noon, the functional photosystem Ⅱ reaction centers were decreased ,which resulted in conspicuous photoinhibition in rice varieties. Fv/Fm in rice varieties tolerant to high light decresed less at noon and showed a lighter photoinhibition. As compared with in those in natural light conditions, the diurnal variation of chlorophyll fluorescence after shading treatment decreased more. The changes in Fv/Fm , ΦPSⅡand ETR in rice varieties tolerant to low light intensity were less. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of leaves in intersubspecific hybrid Peiai 64S/E32 after shading treatment approached to those in natural light conditions, which proved to be the type tolerant to photooxidation and shading (wide ranges of light intensities). The statistical analysis showed that ETR and Fv/Fm in rice leaves may be the physiological indexes associated with the stability of yield in rice varieties. The mentioned above research will provide the physiological indexes and basis on rice breeding for stable and high yield.