治疗性克隆

Therapeutic Cloning

治疗性克隆是利用核移植技术将病人的体细胞核移植到去核的卵母细胞中 ,使其重编程并发育成囊胚 ,然后再用胚胎干细胞分离技术从克隆囊胚的ICM分离出多能胚胎干细胞 (ES)。这种干细胞在遗传学上和病人完全一致 ,再定向诱导其分化成病人所需要的体细胞进行移植 ,以取代和修复患者已丧失功能的细胞、组织或器官 ,而达到完全治愈。治疗性克隆不仅解决移植物与受者间的免疫排斥反应问题 。

Therapeutic cloning has been envisaged to create cells, tissues or organs for human autologous transplant therapy. Using the technique of nuclear transfer, the patient somatic cell is transferred into a matured and enucleated oocyte. The somatic nuclei from the patient are reprogrammed and develop into the balstocyst embryos, from which scientists derive the embryonic stem (ES) cell and establish the ES cell line identical to the patient in genetics. ES cell have the potentiality to differentiate into various somatic cell types. Upon further inducttion, the ES cells derived from patient give rise to the cell type to meet the needs of patient. Then the ES cells are transplanted into patient to replace or repair the patients' cells, tissues or organs, which have been lost their function. Through such way, the normal physiological function of the patient will be recovered and the disease will be healed. Therefore, therapeutic cloning not only avoids the problem of immune rejection between the graft and recipient, but also overcome the problem of the source of grafts.