笼养勺鸡繁殖季节时间分配和活动节律

Time budgeting of captive koklass pheasant Pucrasia macrolopha in breeding season

笼养勺鸡 (Pucrasia macrolopha )繁殖季节的日时间分配为 :静息 4 7.0 % ;游走 30 .4 % ;觅食 11.1% ;理羽 8.6 % ;繁殖 1.3% ;其他 1.6 % .直接或间接满足自身需求的行为占 98.5 % .白天静息活动在早、晚所占比例较少 ,12∶ 0 0～ 16∶ 0 0比例较大 .游走、觅食、理羽等行为所占时间比例在中午较小 ,而在早晚较大 .繁殖活动主要在 12∶ 0 0～ 18∶ 0 0进行 .雌雄鸟在主要行为活动的时间分配上无明显的性别差异 ,仅在饮水、沙浴、攻击等行为活动时间雌鸟显著多于雄鸟 .不同繁殖时期的时间分配存在着显著的差异 ,早期用于繁殖的时间明显多于晚期 ,而在晚期用于理羽的时间显著多于早期 。

The time budgets of Koklass Pheasant in the breeding season were studied in the period from 1995 to 2001 with captive Koklass Pheasants(Pucrasia macrolopha),which showed the percentages of time spent on main activities were: resting 47.0%,walking 30.4%,feeding 11.1%,preening 8.6%,breeding (including display,egg-laying)1.3%,and others (including call,drinking,dusting,attacking,excreting,etc) 1.6%.Activities catering to their own needs amounted to 98.5%.Resting concentrated mainly on the period from 12:00 pm to 16:00 pm and less in the morning and evening.Walking,feeding,and preening occurred less at noon time and more at dawn and dusk.Breeding mainly happened from 12:00 pm to 18:00 pm.Both sexes showed no significant differences in major activities (including resting,walking,preening,feeding,breeding).Female pheasants spent more time on others (drinking,dusting,attacking,etc).The time budgets in breeding stages had significant differences: more time was spent on breeding in the early stage than in the later stage and preening in the later stage than in the early stage.Other activities had no significant differences.