EMS对玉米花粉诱变效应的研究

A study on the effects of EMS on maize pollens

本试验用含有EMS的石蜡油溶液处理 10个玉米材料的成熟花粉 ,研究了EMS对花粉离体萌发率、M1代生理损伤以及M2代的诱变效应。结果表明 :花粉离体萌发率随EMS体积分数的增加而降低 ,并与M1结实率呈高度正相关 ;M1受到严重的生理损伤 ,表现为出苗率低 ,出苗时间长 ,成株率下降 ;M2代中 ,子粒突变性状以粒色突变为主 ,苗期突变性状主要是叶片颜色突变 ,成株期突变性状有株高、株型等多方面 ;同一处理浓度下 ,花粉离体萌发率。

The mature pollens of 10 maize varieties (lines) were treated with EMS. The induction effects on the germinating rates, the physiological damage of M1 and M2 were studied. The result were as follows:Pollen germinating rates decreased with the increase of EMS treatment concentrations. There were significant positive correlation between seed set percentage and the pollen germinating rates. The characterizations of M1 physiological damage were low seedling rate, long seedling period and low adult rate. The color mutation was the main type in kernel mutation of M2. In M2 seedling, leaf color mutants constituted the major part. In M2 adult, the mutation character including leaf color, plant height was observed. The germinating rates, the physiological damage of M1 and the induction effects of M2 varied with varieties at same EMS treatment concentration.