试论我国商业银行竞争力的影响因素及改进对策

On Factors Influencing Chinese Commercial Bank Competitiveness and Their Countermeasures

加入WTO以后,中国银行业面临的最大挑战是如何提高效率和竞争力。一般认为,导致我国商业银行效率和竞争力低下的原因是粗放式经营、政策性贷款、国有企业和社会信用状况、市场竞争秩序混乱等。其根源在于单一产权形式的寡头垄断市场结构。银行业应该先对内开放,构建产权多元化的充分竞争的商业银行体系,在此基础上结合其他改革措施,取得商业银行市场化改革的实质性突破。

After entering WTO, the biggest challenge will be faced by Chinese commercial banks is how to improve their efficiency and competitiveness. It is generally acknowledged that the causes for the low efficiency and weak competitiveness of Chinese commercial banks are extensive management, policy loan, state-owned enterprises and social credit conditions, out-of-order market competition, etc. But in this article, the author thinks that the root of the reasons why these influences exist comprehensively in Chinese commercial banks and have far-reaching effects is the mono-property and oligopoly market structure. Also, this article analyses a series of consequences caused by this markel structure and puts forward the fundamental counterneasures, which are to open up the banking industry internally in order to construet multi-properties commercial banking system with competitiveness. Then, on this basis, the breakthrough of market-orient reforms on Chinese commercial banks can be made in order to improve efficiency and competitiveness of Chinese commercial banks to compete with the foreign commercial banks.