基于RAPD分析的中国野桑蚕和家蚕遗传多样性和系统发育关系研究

The genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Bombyx mandarina and B.mori from China based on RAPD analysis

对具代表性的中国 11个地区的野桑蚕Bombyxmandarina进行了随机引物扩增多态性DNA (RAPD)分析 ,结果表明 :不同地区的野桑蚕的遗传距离较大 ,最大为 0 46 5 (安康 镇江 ) ,最小的也有 0 2 0 9(武汉 合肥 ) ;同一地区不同个体野桑蚕的遗传距离也较大 ,最大为 0 318,最小的为 0 144。它们均远大于家蚕B .mori品种内个体间的遗传距离 (最大为0 0 6 8、最小为 0 0 15 ) ,甚至超过了家蚕品种间的遗传距离 (最大为 0 2 5 8、最小为 0 197)。这表明中国野桑蚕是一个十分混杂的、遗传多样性非常丰富的群体。另外 ,在大多数情况下野桑蚕的遗传距离表现出与空间距离正相关。遗传距离和系统发育分析结果显示陕西一带的野桑蚕成分复杂 ,有重要的演化意义。

The random amplified polymorphism DNA(RAPD) analysis of the mulberry wild silkworm, Bombyx mandarina , from 11 representative regions in China was made. The results showed that the genetic distance of the mulberry wild silkworm in different regions was quite high, from 0 465(Ankang Zhenjiang) to 0 209(Wuhan Hefei); the genetic distance between individuals of the mulberry wild silkworm from the same region was also high, from 0 144 to 0 318; both were higher than the genetic distance between individuals of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, and even higher than the genetic distance between varieties of the silkworm. These results suggested that the mulberry wild silkworm from China be a very complex population with abundant genetic diversity. Furthermore the genetic distance of the mulberry wild silkworm was positively related to the distance of space in most cases. The positions of the mulberry wild silkworm from Shaanxi were very peculiar in the molecular dendrogram,suggesting the importance of this region in the evolution and diversification of this specics.