关于《镜镜詅痴》中透镜成像问题的再探讨

A Further Inquiry into the Problems About the Imaginery of Lens in Jing Jing Ling Chi

通过深入分析《镜镜■痴》中描述凸透镜光学持性的“顺三限”、 “侧三限”的涵义和确定方法，指出导致该书作者对透镜光学特性和成像规律错 误认识的主要原因在于将球面反射成像规律直接拓展到球面折射成像的情形。 此外，通过将该书与《远镜说》和《光论》相应内容的比较，认为在１９世纪中 叶的一段时间内，我国的光学发展仍停留在经验的水平之上，《镜镜痴》正是 那个时期我国光学发展水平的标志。郑复光对透镜成像规律独立地进行了系统、 定量的研究，他所建立的光学知识体系在我国光学发展史上的重要地位应予以 充分肯定。

This paper makes a thorough analysis on the meanings of shun sanxian and ce sanxian which describe the optical characteristics of convex lens and their methods of determination in Jing Jing Ling Chi by Zheng Fuguang of the Qing Dynasty. And then, it points out that the main reasons which lead the author to misunderstand the optical characteristics and the imaginery laws of convex lens are directly developing the laws of reflecting imagery with spherical mirrors to the cases of refracting imagery with convex lens. Furthermore, by comparing the laws of imagery in this book with the corresponding contents in Yuan Jing Shuo and Guang Lun, we conclude that the optics is still standing on the experimnental level in China around the middle of the 19th century, and Jing Jing Ling Chi is its hallmark. Hence, Zheng's contributions to the development of optics must be correctly appraised in the history of science in China.