直播水稻物质生产特点及其高产调控技术研究

STUDY ON PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS AND HIGH-YIELD CONTROL TECHNIQUES OF DIRECT SEEDING RICE

以粳稻 95 16为材料 ,对上海地区直播单季水稻物质生产特点进行了分析研究。结果表明 :(1)生物产量与经济产量相关密切 ,抽穗前干物质生产量与谷物产量呈二次曲线相关 ,抽穗后干物质生产量与谷物产量呈极显著线性正相关。 (2 )抽穗期干物重与单位面积穗数呈显著正相关 ;抽穗前各阶段对干物质生产速率的影响 :播种至够苗和够苗至拔节以平均LAI的作用较大 ,拔节至抽穗期以NAR的作用较大。 (3)抽穗后干物质生产量与拔节至抽穗和抽穗至成熟吸N量显著相关 ,与抽穗后单茎干物质生产量显著相关 ,与单位面积颖花量显著相关 ,与抽穗后NAR显著相关 ;抽穗后NAR与抽穗期单茎叶面积、抽穗后叶面积衰退、粒叶比、抽穗期叶片含N率。

The characteristics of direct seeding rice product ion in Shanghai were studied based on japonica rice cultivar 9516. The resul ts were as follows. (1)There was close correlation between biomass and economic yield. Dry matter accumulated amount before heading assumed conic correlation wi th the grain yield, and the amount after heading showed very significant linear positive vorrelation with the yield.(2) Dry matter weight at heading stage was s ignificant positive correlation with spike density; the effect of mean leaf area index (LAI ) on rate of dry matter accumulation was greater in phases from seeding to reach ing the seeding number required for expected yield (RSN) and from RSN to elongat ing, while in the phase from elongating to heading the effect of net assimilatio n rate (NAR) was greater. (3)Dry matter accumulated amount after heading was si gnificant positive correlation with N absorbed amount in the phases from elongat ing to heading and from heading to maturing, with simple stem dry matter accumul ated amount after heading and with spikelet number per unit area as well as with NAR after heading; the NAR after heading was closely related to simple stem leaf area, foliage declining after heading, grain/leaf ratio, nitrogen content of le aves at heading stage and percentage of earbearing tiller.