西葫芦的性别表现与化学控制

Chemical Control of Sex Expression in Pumpkin[Cucurbita pepo L.]

研究用乙烯利诱导雌花、用赤霉素和 Ag NO3诱导雄花以控制西葫芦花的性别表现。用不同的处理浓度 :乙烯利 (5 0 / 1 0 0 / 1 0 0 0 mg/ L)、赤霉素 (5 0 / 1 0 0 mg/ L)、Ag NO3(2 0 0 / 3 0 0 mg/ L) ,不同的处理时期 (子叶平展期 / 4叶期 ) ,对不同栽培品种进行处理 ,观察统计 0～ 2 0节内雌花、雄花形成的数量进行统计分析 ,找出最佳处理水平。结果表明 ,利用化学物质可以控制西葫芦性别表现。乙烯利 5 0 mg/ L、GA31 0 0 0 mg/ L、Ag NO33 0 0 mg/ L为最佳诱导剂浓度 ,处理时期以子叶平展期为佳 ,不同处理方法性别表现的影响不显著 。

The sex expression of pumpkin[Cucurbita pepo L.]was found to be controlled by foliar spray with ethephon and gibberellin and AgNO 3. Ethephon(2 Chloroethyl phosphonic acid) at a concentration of 50 mg/L caused increase of femaleness and inhibition of male flower, and gibberellin at a concentration of 1 000 mg/L and AgNO 3 at a 200/300 mg/L caused increase of maleness and inhibition of female flower. Spray time of foliar was selected in cotyledon satge. Different variety are alike in sex expression with ethephon andgibberellin and AgNO 3. Ethephon at a concentration of 100 mg/L caused plant die or injure. Gibberellin at concentration of 1 000 mg/L caused excessive growth.