香菇多糖分离纯化技术研究

Studies of Technology of Isolation and Purification of Lentinan

从不同方面对香菇多糖的分离、纯化条件进行了优化研究。结果表明 :香菇颗粒的粒径为 2 - 3mm ,原料 /水 (W /W) =1:2 0～ 1:2 5时 ,乙醇终浓度在 70 %左右时效果最佳 ,可以得到较多的多糖粗品。BECM法脱蛋白的结果表明 ,杂蛋白的去除率为 99 98%。甲醇分级沉淀后的多糖分为L1,L2 ,L3三个级分 ,分别测其比旋 ,并用酸完全水解L1,L2 ,L3,作纸层析结合苯酚—硫酸法的测定结果表明 ,L1,L2 ,L3的葡聚糖含量分别为6 8 0 9%,79 2 5 %,10 0 %。比较自然干燥法 ,高温烘干法 ,真空低温冷冻干燥法的干燥结果发现 ,自然干燥法耗时太长且干燥不彻底。而高温烘干法则会使多糖严重降解。真空低温冷冻干燥法虽然能耗较多 ,但条件温和 ,应是制备有活性生化制品的有效方法。

The optimum conditions of isolation and purification for lentinan were studied comparatively.The results showed that the optimal technological conditions of separation and purification of lentinan are:the size of Lentinus edodes particles 2～3mm in diameter,Lentinus edodes/water 1∶20,distilling at 96℃ for hrs,precipitated by ethanol at 70%.The best method is method BECM while depriving dregs of proteins;the deproteinization rate is up to 99 98% by BECM.Three ingredients L1,L2 and L3 were acquired by grade centrifuge with methanol.the content of polyglucosan or glucan of L1,L2 and L3 were acquired by grade centrifuge with mathanol.The content of polyglucosan or glucan of L1,L2 and L3 were 68 09%,79 25% and 100% respectively by the methods of acidolysis,chromatography on paper and phenolsulfuric acid.The lyophilization or freeze-drying method should be an ideal way while drying pure active biochemical products compared with others methods such as natural drying,high temperature and so on.