ITQ渔业管理制度与物权理论的关系

The relationship between individual transferable quota system and property rights

作为一项国际法准则 ,专属经济区概念已为全世界普遍接受。由此 ,世界海洋渔业的管理方式正经历着一场变革 ,其特点就是在渔业管理中引入传统的物权的概念 ,管理捕鱼活动。本文简述了过度捕捞的经济学根源 ,系统地阐述了传统物权的概念、物权的本质属性、度量方法和它所产生的经济学动机 ,作者仔细分析了利用物权管理海洋捕捞的一个例子 ,分析了个人可以转让的配额制度的物权属性、产生的经济学和生物学后果、可能的问题及解决办法。最后 。

The concept of exclusive economic zone has already been accepted generally as a rule of international law in the world.As a result,the management of world marine fisheries has undergone a radical reform,which is featured by the use of traditional property rights to regulate the fishing activity.This paper pinpoints the causes of over fishing.The definition of traditional property rights,its characteristics,its measurement method,and its econoomic incentives are also described.Aa an example of use of property rights to regulate marine fishing,the individual transferable quota (ITQ) system is carefully analyzed.Its characteristics of property rights,bio economic outcomes,some possible problems,and solutions are all explored completely.Finally,some steps should be taken to introduce the property rights into China marine fisheries management.