感染性标本涂片镜检与分离培养相关性的研究

Study on the relativity of smear and isolation of infectious samples

目的探讨感染性标本的涂片镜检与分离培养在病原学诊断应用的相关性及其存在的某些问题。方法将不同稀释度的金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、白色念珠菌的菌液涂片革兰染色镜检和分离培养 ,观察标本中细菌或真菌检出的情况。结果当标本中细菌或真菌的CFU在 2 32 0 0 /ml以上时 ,涂片染色镜检与分离培养的检出情况相似 ;但当细菌或真菌的CFU小于 2 32 0 0 /ml时 ,涂片染色镜检的检出率为 0 ,而分离培养仍然可有规律地检出。结论涂片染色镜检在标本含菌量较少时通常为阴性 ,而分离培养法能更有效地检出标本中的细菌或真菌。因此对抗菌药物治疗后或慢性感染症等含菌量较少的标本进行病原学诊断时 ,应当采用分离培养法并且需结合患者的情况解释结果。

Objective To explore the relativity of smear and isolation of the infectious samples. Methods The bacteria and the yeast S.aureus, E.coli and C.albicans in different dilute concentration were determined by direct microscopy and isolation to observe the positive rate of microbiologic diagnosis. Results There were similar positive rate in direct microscopy and isolation when the CFU of bacteria or yeast were more than 23?200/ml. When the CFU were less than 23?200/ml, the microorganism could not be found by direct microscopy but could be tested by isolation. Conclusion The efficient method of pathogenic diagnosis is isolation but not direct microscopy when the number of bacteria or yeast in the samples, which from chronic infectious disease or those treated with antimicrobial drugs,is lower.