锦州部分小学生及其家长营养知识与饮食习惯调查

Nutrition Knowledge and Eating Habits of Pupils and their Parents in Jinzhou Areas and Interventions

目的 了解锦州地区小学生及家长营养知识和饮食习惯的现状 ,提出干预对策。方法 采取整群抽样的方法 ,对锦州市 1所城市小学及 1所县城小学四～六年级学生及家长进行问卷调查。结果 在小学生问卷中 ,含钙、维生素C、蛋白质较多食品及甜食过多对人体有害 4个问题回答的正确率分别为 74.8%、78.0 %、77.8%和 87.0 % ,其余均低于 53 .0 %。小学生经常喝饮料的占 2 2 .2 % ,经常吃零食的占 1 8.8% ,49.7%的小学生有边吃饭边看电视的习惯。有 1 6.2 %的小学生家长喜欢吃零食 ,2 4 .4%的家长喜欢吃较咸的菜肴 ,2 5 .0 %的家里从来不吃粗粮。结论 在营养知识和饮食习惯方面 ,需要对小学生及家长进行干预 ,让他们获得更多的营养知识 。

Objective To understand the nutrition knowledge levels and eating habits of the pupils and their parents in Jinzhou area, and to develop relevant interventions. Methods A questionnaire survey of nutrition knowledge and eating habits was conducted among 1 150 fourth- to sixth- grade pupils drawn from a urban primary school and a county primary school using cluster sampling method and their parents.Results Among surveyed pupils, 74.8%, 78.0%, 77.8% and 87.0% could answered correctly four questions about foods richest in calcium, vitamin C and protein, and harmfulness of overfeeding sweet foods respectively, less than 53.0% could answer correctly other questions; 22.2% had the habit of drinking beverage and 18.8% ate snacks frequently, 49.7% had the habit of watching TV while eating. Among their parents, 16.2% liked snacks, 24.4% had the habit of eating saltier foods, and 25.0% had never touch coarse food grain. Conclusions It is necessary that implementing nutrition interventions to pupils and their parents to help them obtain more nutrition knowledge and overcome unhealthy eating habits.