精氨酸和一氧化氮合成的关系及其在免疫调节中的作用

Relationship between Arginine and Nitric Oxide Synthesis and Its Role in Immune Regulation

精氨酸 (Arginine,Arg)因其具有广泛的生物学作用而在所有氨基酸中占有重要地位。一定剂量的Arg可促进创伤愈合和胶原生成 ,刺激若干内分泌腺分泌激素 ,调节某些类型肿瘤生长 ,并增强细胞介导的免疫应答。因而常将Arg作为免疫增强膳食的一部分来对抗应激及严重疾病病人中常见的免疫抑制。Arg是高活性基团一氧化氮 (nitricoxide ,NO)的唯一供氮前体 ,已认定NO对越来越多的细胞过程有影响并存在于全身的许多组织。它可影响多种类型的免疫细胞。Arg自身或通过生成的NO参与了许多免疫调节过程 ,因此 ,对Arg体内合成。

Arginine occupies an important place in all of the amino acid because of its biological activities. Certain doses of arginine have shown to enhance wound healing and collagen production,stimulate hormonal secretion from several endocrine glands,regulate the growth of certain tumour types,and potentiate cell-mediated immune response. So arginine supplementation has been used as part of immunity-enhancing diet to combat the immune suppression seen in the stress and critical illness. Arginine has been identified as the sole nitrogen-providing precursor of the highly reactive radical nitric oxide(NO). NO is rapidly being identified to have significant effects on an ever-increasing number of cellular processes and in many tissues throughout the body. NO can affect most immune cell types. So,it will be very important for its reasonable use to know the role of arginine synthesis in vivo,metabolism and foreign arginine transport in NO synthesis.