异源精子诱导稀有鮈鲫的人工雌核发育

GYNOGENETIC RARE MINNOW (GOBIOCYPRIS RARUS) INDUCED BY HETEROGENEOUS SPERMS

用经过紫外线灭活的异源精子启动稀有鮈鲫卵子发育,再经过热休克分别抑制极体排放和第一次卵裂,得到了极体雌核发育和有丝分裂雌核发育的存活个体。通过正交试验确定诱导极体雌核发育的最佳参数为受精后2min、40℃休克处理2min;诱导有丝分裂雌核发育的最佳参数为受精后17min、40℃休克处理2min。雌核发育个体的形态学特征没有显示出受到父本影响的迹象。RAPD分析表明雌核发育个体扩增片段全部来自于母本,没有发现异源父本DNA成分进入稀有鮈鲫基因组的迹象。实验中还发现,鲤×稀有鮈鲫的正常杂交组合能以极低的几率产生出雌核发育的稀有鮈鲫。

The rare minnow ( Gobiocypris rarus) eggs were activated by UV irradiated heterogeneous sperms that were gathered from the red common carp ( Cyprinus carpio , red var.) , and heat shocking was performed to inhibit the second polar body extrusion and the first cleavage, respectively. Viable individuals derived from polar body gynogenesis and mitotic gynogenesis were available by such processing. The optimum parameters were screened as heat shocking for 2 min at 40℃ ,2 min post fertilizing, for polar body gynogenesis, and 2 min at 40℃ ,17 min post fertilizing, by an orthonor-mal programming. The morphological characteristics of red common carp were not detected. RAPD analysis confirmed that all the amplified fragments were derived from the mother for every gynogenet-ic individuals, while no evidences supported the occurrences that heterogeneous DNA elements from their father, the red common carp, had penetrated into the descendant genome. In addition, it had been revealed in this study that the normal distant hybridization, Gobiocypris rarus ×Cyprinus carpio , could produce viable rare minnow individuals in an extremely lower occurrence, which might be produced by natural gynogenesis.