论劳动者参与剩余价值分配

On Labors’Participation in Surplus Value Distribution

大机器生产初期,资本稀缺性和劳动者在生产中处于机器附属物的地位决定了资本家的优势地位,即资本雇佣劳动,资本所有者占有全部剩余价值。大机器生产的发展和生产社会化程度的提高,迫使资本所有权与经营权分离,专职经营者地位提高,经营者开始参与剩余价值分配。现代化生产条件下,中、下层管理者、科技人员在生产中地位提高,他们参与剩余价值分配具有了必然性。知识经济条件下,智力劳动者潜在能力的发挥程度直接影响资本增值程度,一般员工参与剩余价值分配已露端倪。

In the early period of machinery production,the capitalists’ advantage lied in the capital scarcity and the labor’s affiliated position to the machinery,that is the capital employment labor,the capital owner occupied all the surplus.The development of machinery production and enhancement of productive socialization have forced the seperation of capital ownership and management.Professional managers have higher position and they are involved in the surplus distribution.Under the modern production,the middle-level and low-level managers and scientific intellectuals are entitled the high social status.It is indispensable that they be involved in surplus distribution.Under the knowledge economy,the use of potential abilities of intellectuals influences the capital added growth directly.The staff’s involvement in surplus distribution has been seen.