论市场所有权

On Market Ownership

本文作者首次在国内外提出了市场所有权理论。作者认为 ,过去我们对企业微观产权 (包括有形产权和无形产权 )研究较多 ,而忽视了对这些微观产权赖以存在的基础和实现条件———市场产权的研究。实际上 ,市场本身也有一个产权界定及其制度安排问题。本文在界定产权概念的内涵、本质与功能的基础上 ,认为市场产权由狭义市场所有权、市场使用权 (经营权 )、市场占有权和市场收益权等四个要素构成 ;认为市场产权具有五个方面的基本特征 :市场所有权的稀缺性 ;市场所有权的准资本属性 ;市场所有权的排他性 ;市场经营权的可转让性 ;市场所有权收益的可计量性等。市场产权具有三种基本形式 :市场国家所有制 ;市场区域共享制 ;市场全球共享制等。虽然市场产权天生具有国家排他性 ,归一国政府所有 ,但市场经营权可以转让。各种贸易战的实质是争夺市场经营权、控制权和收益权。区域经济一体化和经济全球化只是市场经营权的有限互换和交叉分享。

The author is first one who brings up the market ownership theory in our country. In the past we focused our researches much more on firms' micro-ownerships including tangible and intangible properties and neglected research on the market ownership which brings the micro-ownerships into existence and reality. Based on the study of conception, essence and function of the general ownership, the author analyzed the four component factors, the five fundamental characteristics and the three basic forms of the market ownership. Although the market ownership inherently possesses the exclusiveness of nation, it belongs to the central government of a nation, the market management rights can be changed and transferred. The essence of all kinds of the trade wars is to scramble for the management rights, control power and income rights of markets. The regional economy integration and economy globalization is only the limited changed and cross-sharing of the market management rights.