高温、高CO_2对农作物影响的试验研究

The experimental study on impacts of high temperature and high CO2 concentration on crops.

在人工气候室试验研究高温和高CO_2浓度对农作物的影响结果表明,高温、高CO_2浓度使农作物生育进程加快,作物生育期缩短,作物的光合作用速率升高,蒸腾速率下降和气孔阻力增加;在相同的发育期使作物叶面积、根、茎、叶生长量不足,生物量下降;对不同作物产量结构的影响有差异,对小麦的影响主要是小穗数和穗粒数下降,而对玉米的影响主要是籽粒百粒重下降。高温、高CO_2浓度可使农作物叶片中微量元素含量发生显著变化。

The impact of high temperature and high CO2 concentration on crops is studied in artificial chambers. The results show that the high temperature and high CO2 concentration would accelerate crop growth and development, shorten the growth period, increase the photosynthetic rate, decrease the transpiration rate, and increase the stomatal resistance. At the same phenophase,the leaf area and biomass of leaf, root,stalk would decrease because of insufficient growth. The impacts on yield components of different crops are different, spikelet numbers and grains number is decreased in wheat, hundred-grain weight decreased in corn. The high temperature and high CO2 concentration change the contents of trace elements in leaves.