庐山旅游区森林防火技术体系研究

Technical system of prevention forest fire in the travelled region of Lu Mountain.

通过庐山以黄山松为主的11个主要树种的野外燃烧试验与含水率、脂肪、灰分、热值测定,筛选出易燃、可燃、难燃树种,木荷、茶叶为难燃树种,应用于防火林带建设可起到阻隔周边荒火蔓延的作用。绘制了林火发生图,区划出轻、低、中、高4个火险等级,并配置了防火力量和防火设备图。确定了对林火有影响的气象、地形、植被类型指标,提出群众性防火、建立森林防火“信息高速公路”、生物防火、化学防火、建立防火池、人工降雨等措施。应用该研究可把火灾降到最低程度,既保护庐山的优美环境,又可产生显著的经济效益。1999～2000年应用该防火技术体系使庐山旅游区新增产值18万元,节省开支4.5万元,新增利税2.6万元。

The experiment of combustion outside, the determinations of moist content, rough adipose, rough ash content and heat value in 11 major tree species, especially in Pinus tamanensis Layata, in Lu Mountain are conducted, and inflammable, combustible and fire-resistance tree species are selected. Schima superba Gardn. et Champ, and Camellia sinensis(Linn. ) are fire-resistance tree species, so they can be used in the construction of forest region of fire prevention, which have an action on the preventing the extension of fire around. The graph of forest fire occurrence is drawn. The grades of fire danger, which are light, low, middle and high, are divided. The force of fire prevention and the graph of equipments in fire prevention are offered. The weather conditions, terrain and indication of plant sorts are confirmed, which are susceptible to forest fire. Eight measures such as proposal of fire prevention of society, establishment of 'the information free highway' and the pool of fire prevention, biologic and chemical fire prevention, artificial rainfall, etc. are proposed. The research can decrease fire disasters to a minimum. Therefore both protection of beautiful environments and the increase of economic effects in Lu Mountain have improved. The technical system was used in 1999 and 2000, production of 180000 Yuan and revenues of 26000 Yuan were increased, the expenditure of 45000 Yuan was reduced.