大环抗生素——毛细管电泳手性分离中一种新的手性选择剂

Macrocyclic Antibiotics : A New Class of Chiral Selectors for Capillary Electrophoretic Enantioseparation

两种类型的大环抗生素对很多外消旋化合物具有显著的手性选择性且手性选择性相互补充 :第一种类型含ansamycin (安沙霉素 )特别适合于阳离子外消旋化合物的分离 ;第二种类型含glycopeptide (糖肽 )最适于阴离子的分离。介绍了大环抗生素的结构特征及手性识别机理 ,讨论了pH值、抗生素类型和浓度、电泳电解质浓度和化学性质、有机改性剂及胶束相等不同实验条件对分离的影响 ,还概述了几种大环抗生素作为手性选择剂 ,在毛细管电泳手性分离中的研究近况。

Of all chiral selectors proposed to capillary electrophoretic (CE) enantioseparations, macrocyclic antibiotics are the newest ones and have been proven to be the most promising ones. Two basic types of macrocyclic antibiotics have shown excellent enantioselectivity towards a great number of racemates and they are complementary to one another. The first type consists of ansamycins which are particularly adaptable at resolving cationic racemates and the second type is made up glycopeptides which resolve anionic analytes best. After a presentation of some structural characte ristics of these selectors, a few work on chiral recognition mechanisms are given. Then different factors (pH, antibiotic types and their concentration, chemical nature and concentration of the background electrolyte, organic modifier and micellar phase) affecting the separation and the recognition mechanisms are discussed. Finally, several new selectors and recent developments of the antibiotics based chiral separations are reviewed.