永磁同步电动机启动与牵入性能研究

Research on starting-up and pull-in performances of permanent magnet synchronous motors

永磁同步电动机从异步启动到牵入同步过程是一个非常复杂的机电瞬变过程。在设计电机参数时，如何使电机的启动性能、牵入性能以及稳态性能达到协调统一是一个不容忽视的问题。基于ｄｑ０坐标系统，对永磁同步电动机的启动过程进行了数字仿真，介绍了牵入同步判据，研究了电源电压、励磁电势以及电机参数对启动性能和牵入性能的影响，并应用所得结论对一台７．５ＫＷ永磁同步电动机的设计作了改进。仿真及实验结果表明，改进后的永磁同步电动机整体性能有所改善。

Permanent magnet synchronous motor running from asynchronous start-up to pull-in synchronization is a very complex electromechanical transient process. How to make the starting-up and pull-in & steady state performances coordinating better is an important issue in motor design. Based on the coordinate system mathematical model, this paper deduces the starting torque expression and pull-in criterion of permanent magnet synchronous motors. The influences of supply voltage, magnetizing voltage and motor parameters on the starting and pull-in performance are analyzed thoroughly and deeply. Therefore, it can direct to design a permanent magnet synchronous motor whose starting and pull-in performances reach reasonable matching. Design of the 7.5 kW NdFeB permanent magnet synchronous motor is presented as an example.