电动机换向智能抽油机应用与分析

Motor-reversing type pumping unit

为了解决游梁式抽油机效率低、能耗高和调整参数复杂等问题 ,研制开发了电动机换向智能抽油机。这种抽油机采用电动机正反转动 ,驱动同轴连接的摆线针轮减速器 ,带动摩擦轮正反向转动 ,使抽油杆上、下运动来抽汲产液。采用开关磁阻调速电动机拖动 ,由可编程控制器进行准确的位置控制 ,来完成抽油工作的整个过程。调速系统功率因数高 ,超载能力强 ,传动线路短 ,对提高系统效率 ,降低能耗 ,方便地调整参数具有明显优势。经测试 ,电动机换向智能抽油机的地面效率在 80 %左右 ,接近有杆泵地面效率理论最高值 ,井下效率在 4 7%左右 ,系统效率在 4 0 %左右。

To solve the problems of low efficiency and high power consumption and inconvenient parameter adjustment of beam pumping units, a motor-reversing type pumping unit is developed. The new unit uses electric motor rotating both clockwise and anti-clockwise to drive the coaxially connected cycloid needle wheel reducer, and to force the friction wheel rotating clockwise and anti-clockwise too, thereby to make the sucker rod move up and down for oil pumping. It adopts the switch magnetic resistance adjustable-speed motor, and realizes accurate position control through PLC. Its speed adjusting system has obvious advantages in improving the system efficiency, reducing power consumption and adjusting parameters. Test results show that the surface efficiency of the motor-reversing type pumping unit reaches about 80%, and its downhole efficiency is appropriately 47%, and the system efficiency is 40% or so.