煤矿开采诱发的水环境问题研究

Research on Water Pollution Induced by Coal Mining

研究了我国因采矿引起的各种水环境问题 ;以西山矿区为例 ,探讨了煤矿开采对河川径流、煤矿排渣对水源的影响 ;分析了酸性水的形成机制 .认为采矿作为人类的一种生产活动 ,正在逐渐改变着周围的生态环境 ,特别是对生态中最为重要的水的影响最大 .水源不断受到污染 ,地下水在动态的交换过程中也被带上了“有毒”或者“有害”的离子成分 ;地下水位不断下降 ,降落漏斗逐渐增大 ,河川渗漏严重 ,酸性水范围增大 ,逐渐影响到了周围的水源 。

Water environment problems induced by mining were studied. Influences of coal mining on runoff of rivers and on water sources were discussed. And the forming mechanism of acid water was analyzed. The result shows that mining activity is gradually changing the eco-environment of adjacent areas, especially the water. With the water sources being continually polluted, the underground water has some poisonous or harmful ions in the process of dynamic exchange of water. The falling down of water table results in an increase of depression cone; and the seepage of rivers and the increasing range of acid water have more or less influences on water sources. All these are threatening the normal life of human beings.