水安全保障问题浅议

Some observations on the water security and assurance issues

自然界的水与其它矿产资源的不同,是具有利和有害的二重性。水既有可资利用以为人类社会服务的一面,又有因水带来的危害,如洪涝、干旱现象以及水致疾病的传播的一面。因此,为加强水的安全保障作用,需采取一系列的工程和非工程措施所建立的系统,并在实施该系统时注意以下方面,包括:在确保水源不受损害的条件下为各类用水要求提供适当保证程度的供水,在适应国家经济发展水平和综合国力的前提下,采用适当标准进行江河治理,以努力减轻各类因水引起的灾害损失;千方百计增加可利用水量,开辟新水源;大力推行合理用水和节约用水技术;非常重视保护环境,特别是保护生态系统,以维护人类自下而上环境的持续发展。

The feature of natural water resources is different from other mineral resources due to the fact that water in the natural world possesses dual characteristics,i.e.beneficial to human society with its usable functions whereas harmful to human society due to water induced flood,waterlogging,drought and disease carrying and spreading effect.Therefore,to strengthen the role of water security and assurance a system consisted of structural measures in concert with non-structural measures should be adopted.In order to realize such a gole,attention should be paid to the following aspects:providing water for miscellaneous uses to a proper extend so that the water sources can be protected;giving incentive to efforts for mitigating the damage of natural disasters resulted from water with appropriate standard in adapting with the economic develop-ment level and the comprehensive national strength;increasing the usable water amount in every possible way including to develop new water sources;improving water-saving techniques and practising rational use of water;and paying great attention to enviroment al protection,especially to eco-enviroment so that the human survival circumstance can persist in forever.