除草剂对油菜的安全性及药害研究初报

Preliminary study on safety and injury of herbicides to rape

31种除草剂对油菜进行田间试验结果表明 ,精禾草克、拿捕净、收乐通和威霸等使用正常剂量或加倍量对油菜生长安全 ,适于油菜田使用 ;乙草胺、都尔和普乐宝使用低剂量对油菜安全 ,加倍量处理对油菜产生一定药害 ,可以较安全地用于油菜田 ;广灭灵、施田补、氟乐灵、利收施用正常剂量可使油菜产生药害 ,但能够恢复正常生长 ,加倍剂量药害加重 ;赛克、速收等 2 0种除草剂使用正常剂量能使油菜产生严重药害甚至使油菜幼苗死亡 。

Field trials of thirty-one herbicides applied to rape at pre-emerge or post-emerge were conducted for their safety during 1997-2000. The results showed that some of herbicides, such as quinofop-p-ethyl, sethoxydim, clethodim and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, were safe to rape when the dosages were normal or double. Some of herbicides were safe to rape at lower dosage, such as acetochlor, metolachlor, propisochlor, although they could injury rape by using the double dosage. Flumiclorac-pentyl, clomazone, pendimethalin, trifluralin could cause injury to rape at normal dosage, but the rape could restore growth normally. Twenty herbicides were unsuitable with seriuos injury or plant decease.