青海省鼠疫流行病学特点演变及预防

Changes in epidemiological characters of human plague and control measures in Qinghai

目的 探讨青海人间鼠疫流行病学特点 ,从而制定预防措施 ,控制或减少人间鼠疫的发生。方法 调查、核实、整理、归纳既往人间鼠疫发生资料及部分个案调查资料 ,进行流行病学分析。结果 青海省鼠疫流行强度不大 ,但却持续存在 ;病死率高达 5 1.15 % ;发病季节明显推迟 ,10月份以后发病者占 32 .0 6 % ;藏系绵羊作为传染源引发的鼠疫病人占 18.4 6 % ;鼠疫远距离传播及向人口密集区侵入危险性增加。结论 2 5年来 ,青海省人间鼠疫流行病学特点有很大变化 。

Objective To investigate the epidemic characters of human plague in Qinghai, to make preventive measures to control the occurrence of human plague.Methods Investigation, verification,arrangement,analysis of the human plague data and some case survey data in the period of 1975-1999 in Qinghai province.Results The results showed that human plague was not very strong , but happened frequently;had a high case fatality of 51.15%;32.06% of epidemics were prolonged into October; the cases infected by Tibetan sheep were 18.46%; the risk of plague spreading towards to distant places and invading into the areas with a large population was increased.Conclusions The epidemiological characters of Qinghai human plague have been changed greatly during the past 25 years. To control human plague, the preventive measures should be regulated according to the epidemic features whenever necessary.