水稻籼粳杂种多倍体的研究

Studies on somatic chimaera in polyploid of indica×japonica hybrids induced by colchicine

以秋水仙碱诱导的水稻籼粳杂种多倍体植株中 ,部分植株的体细胞呈现具有整倍体和非整倍体染色体数细胞嵌合现象 ,其中四倍体细胞最高可占 35 .3% ,其余均为染色体数低于 4 8条的各种细胞 .与二倍体植株相比 ,这些植株的叶表皮气孔增大 ,气孔数减少 ,花粉粒直径增大都是十分显著的 ,与多倍体植株无明显区别 .并对这类植株根尖体细胞中存在具各种染色体数目细胞嵌合现象可能的原因进行了分析 .

The polyploid hybrid plants of indica×japonica induced by colchicine were classified.The parameters of stomas and the diameter of pollen grains distinctly increased,compared with diploid hybrids.The stoma number of per unit decreased.Some of those polyploidy plants were identified as some somatic chimaeras.The cells in the hybrid plants of chimaeras were neuploidies and euploidies.As in tetraploidy hybrid plants the tetraploidy cells participated to form microspores and macrospores the tetraploidy plants of genetic stability might be screened by this way.