即食早餐谷物片挤压工艺的比较

RTE breakfast cereal flake extrusion

大多数谷物制的食品含有相当数量的淀粉,经蒸煮后会形成理想的质感、颜色、风味及其他物理特性。在传统的谷物食品加工中,淀粉的蒸煮或糊化过程是通过时间、温度与水分或其可用性等参数来控制。此外,在挤压蒸煮过程中,剪切力是第四种影响着产品质量的因素。这些冈素相互影响,例如较高的蒸煮温度会缩短蒸煮时间。有学者发现,虽然剪切力和水分的关系密切,但它们对产品特性有着不同程度的影响。高湿度、低剪切力的蒸煮过程属于温和的加工;相对地,高剪切力、低湿度的蒸煮会使淀粉颗粒破裂。

Most cereals contain substantial amounts of starch that are cooked to develop desired textures, colors, flavors, and other physical properties. Cereals are very sensitive to mechanical and thermal energy inputs, which are varied with different extrusion configurations. In this article, three types of extrusion configurations are compared in terms of sensory and microscopic quality of cereals.