硝基氯苯及饮酒对人体的慢性危害

Chronic Effects of Nitrochlorobenzene and Alcohol on the Health of Workers

[目的 ]探讨长期在较低空气浓度时 ,硝基氯苯对人体损害及饮酒因素的影响。 [方法 ]分析比较接毒饮酒组 (12 2例 )、接毒不饮酒组 (2 2 8例 )及对照组 (2 46例 )各种自觉症状、体征、肝功能、高铁血红蛋白 (MHb)定量、Heinz小体及血、尿常规异常情况。 [结果 ]接毒组自觉症状、体征、肝功能异常及MHb定量均显著高于对照组 ,乏力、上腹不适、恶心、食欲减退明显高于接毒不饮酒组 ,且肝功能异常率更高 (P <0 0 0 5 )。 [结论 ]硝基氯苯在低空气浓度对人体仍有损害 ,饮酒对肝脏有增毒作用 ,MHb可作为生物监测指标 。

To investigate the health of workers with long term exposure to low concentration of nitrochlorobenzene in the air of workplace and alcohol drinking. Workers were divided into 3 groups:exposed only (228 workers),exposed and alcohol drinkers (122 workers),and control group (246 workers). Physical examination was carried out including symptoms,signs,liver function,methemoglobin,Heinz body,urine and blood routines. In both exposrue groups,the detection rates of symptoms and signs,the rate of liver dysfunction and methemoglobin level were higher than those in the control group. The weakness,discomfort in upper abdomen,nausea,anorexia and rate of liver dysfunction were higher in the group of exposed and alcohol drinkers than those in the group of only exposed workers. [Conclusion] Some adverse effects were still found in workers exposed to low concentration of nitrochlorobenzene under study.Alcohol drinking has synergistic toxic effect on the liver.Methemoglobin may be used as biological monitoring index;its exposure limit should be studied in future.