231例情感性精神障碍的复发因素分析

Analysis of relapse factors in 231 cases of affective mental disorders.

目的探讨与情感性精神障碍复发的有关因素。方法对１９９１～１９９４年痊愈出院的４０２例情感性精神障碍患者进行了５～９年的门诊随访、信访和个别走访。结果在随访期中有２３１例复发，复发率为５７．５％。单因素分析发现，初发病年龄早、文化程度和社会经济地位低、阳性家族史、性格急躁、维持治疗时间短、疾病亚型为双相、较多的生活事件、临床表现伴有妄想者等因素与复发有关，而特别、发病形式和首次发病平均住院时间等因素与复发无关。在复发季节方面，躁狂发作者以春季较多，抑郁发作者以冬季较多。复发时间多在出院后２年内。结论长期药物维持治疗、良好的家庭和社会环境、改善人际关系对预防和减少复发具有重要意义。

ObjectiveAn analysis of relapse correlative factors in the patients with affective mental disorders.Methods402 patients with affective mental disorders recovered in 1991 to 1994 were followed up for five to nine years through out-patient and letters and individual.ResultsThere were 231 cases patients of relapse in the follow-up terms,rates of relapse was 57.5%.Analysing factor indicated that onset age,family hostory,personality character,education,socioeconomic situation,maintencance of treatment time,type of biphase,life events,clinical symptoms with delusion were concerrned with relapse.While that had no relation to sex,onset form,avarage of the first-episode hospitalized time.Relapse seasons of mainc episode were more in spring time than other seasons ,relapse seasons of depression episode were more in winter than other seasons.Relapse time was more in two years after the patients recovered.ConclusionMaintenance of drugs treatment,good family and social enviroment and may play a main way to reduce and prevent relapse.