桔梗不同种质的比较研究——桔梗的杂交及花色、种色的新类型与分离

Comparative studies on different germplasms of Platycodon grandiflorum -their intercross and new types and differentiation of flower and seed color

目的 探索桔梗种质遗传基础 ,培育桔梗新品种。方法 不同桔梗种质杂交后观察。结果 桔梗人工授粉的合适时期为花开放、柱头裂开 ,去雄后 5～ 6 d。发现了桔梗新的花色类型 -粉花型。在紫花 (♀ )×白花 ( )和白花 (♀ )×粉花 ( )两个杂交组合的当代种子 (F0 )发现新颜色类型种子 -黄绿色、灰绿色种子及杂色种子 (颜色嵌合 ) ,而且在同一杂交果实内有不同颜色种子。结论 桔梗花色和种色存在新的变异与分离 ,花色和种色有一定的相关性。种子颜色分离没有规律性比例关系 ,其分离与遗传不符合种皮由珠被形成的一般规律 ,较复杂。其自身遗传机制及和花色遗传的相互关系 ,以及不同花色类型之间的遗传关系尚需进一步的研究。

Object To find out the genetic base of germplams of Platycodon grandiforum (Jacq.) A. DC., and to breed new variety.Methods Observation after intercrossing the different genus of P. grandiflorum.Results The time of artificial pollination with higher fecundity was five to six days later emasculated during the bloom and top style split. A new type of P. grandiforum with pale red flowers was found in the field. Kelly, celadon, and mottled seeds, which were new types and progenies from intercross, were also found in the combinations (F 0): purple flower (♀)×white () and white flower (♀)×pale red flower (), even in the same fruit of crossbreeding there were different color seeds. Conclusion The seed and flower color of P. grandiflorum had new types and differentiation. There were certain correlation between the colors of flower and seed, and no regular proportion between the number of seeds with different colors. For the heredity of the color of seeds was not up to the common regulation that the seed capsule derives from ovule surface, and complicated, more studies should be done to unclose the genetic mechanism of the colors of seed and flower.