1998年中国活产儿出生体重抽样的调查结果

A national sampling survey on birth weight in 1998 in China:mean value and standard deviation

目的 调查全国活产儿出生体重情况。方法 用分层抽样方法 ,对 1998年 7～ 10月期间在抽样地区出生的孕周≥ 2 8周的活产婴儿进行出生体重测查。结果 共测查活产儿 2 2 35 0人 (男115 84人 ,女 10 76 6人 ) ,男女比例为 1 0 8∶1。多胎率和早产率分别是 1 8%和 3 5 %。中国活产儿出生体重的分布特点表现为 :城市 (330 1g)高于农村 (32 2 5g) ,沿海、内地和边远地区活产儿出生体重(32 6 2、32 5 4、3115g)呈逐次下降趋势 ;农村一类县与城市接近 ,二、三和四类县的出生体重明显下降 ,四类县的出生体重较城市降低 2 0 0g。结论 总体上 ,中国活产儿平均出生体重与发达国家水平相近 ,但不同经济水平地区间存在显著差别 ,尤其是经济和卫生保健状况相对落后的农村边远、贫困县是今后实施有效干预措施的重点地区。

Objective To understand the distribution of live birth weight in China Methods A national survey on live birth weight was performed during July October, 1998 in China, with stratified sampling Totally, 22 350 live newborns (11 584 males and 10 766 females) with 28 weeks or more of gestation were measured for their birth weight in the sampling sites during 1998 Results The ratio of male to female newborns measured was 1 08 The rates of multiple birth and preterm birth (<37 weeks of gestation) were 1 8% and 3 5%, respectively Live birth weight was higher in the urban areas (3 301 g) than that in the rural area (3 225 g) ( t =9 4 P <0 001), the highest in the coastal areas (3 262 g), middle in the inland areas (3 254 g) and the lowest in the remote areas (3 115 g) ( F =177 9, P <0 001), with a decreasing trend Live birth weight in the first class rural areas approximated to that in the urban areas, and that in the second class, third class and fourth class rural areas decreased significantly The average live birth weight in the fourth class rural areas was 200 g lower than that in the urban areas Conclusions Generally, the average live birth weight in China was closed to that in the developed countries But, a big difference in the average live birth weight between regions with varied economic development and health care condition was observed An intervention measure should be implemented in the poverty stricken rural areas to increase their average live birth weight