右美沙芬对家兔急性脑外伤颅内压及坏死神经元数的影响

Experimental study of intracranial pressure and pathology effects of dextromethorphan therapy in rabbits with acute brain injury

目的:探讨应用右美沙芬对急性脑外伤家兔颅内压及病理改变的影响。方法:将成年雄性家兔20只利用颅脑外伤自由落体打击器造成一侧脑外伤动物模型,伤后家兔被均分为外伤组10只及治疗组10只,另设未受外伤的对照组 6只。治疗组动物在外伤后立即腹腔注射右美沙芬治疗,剂量为 50 mg·kg-1·d-1,对照组和外伤组给予腹腔注射等量生理盐水,连用7d采用颅内压监护仪监测不同时间段颅内压,7d后处死各组动物,显微镜下观察伤灶及其周围坏死神经元细胞数。结果:伤前和伤后 5 min治疗组、外伤组颅内压差异无显著性。但治疗组动物在 1d、3 d、7 d的颅内压较外伤组相应时间段显著降低,且伤灶及周围皮层坏死神经元数显著减少(P＜0．01)。结论:右美沙芬能降低急性脑外伤家兔的颅内压,提高神经元存活率。

Aim: To study the change of intracranial pressure and neurocyte necrosis in rabbit model of traumatic brain injury treated with dextromethorphan (DM). MethodS:Six rabbits without injury were used as control group (group A). Twenty adult male rabbits were subjected to a lateral traumatic brain injury and randomly allocated into 2 groups ( group B and group C ). Group C (treatment group) were treated with DM 50 mg · kg-1· d-1 after injury. Group A and gnoup B (injury group) were treated with normal saline at the same volume as group C. The intracranial pressure of all animals was monitored before injury and at the time points of 5 min, 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d after injury. Animals were executed on the 7th d, and the number of necrotic neurocytes in and around the impact site was counted . Results: There was no necrotic neurocytes and change of intracranial pressure in the group A. Intracranial pressure of group B was significantly higher than that of group C after injury, and the number of necrotic neurocytes of group C was less than that of group B (both P<0. 01). Conclusions: The treatment of DM after brain injury can reduce the intracranial pressure and the number of necrotic neurocytes.