大地构造理论假说争论的历史及地质哲学的贫困

The disputative history of the geotectonic theoretical hypothesis and a poverty in geologic philosophical thinking

地球科学中大地构造理论假说争论的历史经历了山脉臆说的“实在论”与“唯名论”的探索、“塌陷说”与“隆起说”对立时期以及受“形而上学”和“自然哲学”的影响这一过程。“收缩说”统治时期 ,“机械唯物主义”阻碍了“自然辩证法”的指导 ;“活动论”兴起后 ,并未找到先进的地学哲学武器。中国古代有机论自然观蕴藏了丰富的地学哲学思想———有机论辩证唯物主义的天地生整体自然观。“立地之道 ,曰柔与刚” ,“合乎谓之坤 ,辟乎谓之乾 ,一合一辟谓之变” ,“刚柔相摩 ,八卦相荡”等精辟论述。早已从地学哲学高度 ,把“威尔逊旋回”、“开合运动”等大地构造假说涵蓄其内。

The disputative history of the geotectonic theoretical hypothesis in Earth science underwent the exploration of 'the realism' and 'the nominalism' with the supposition of the mountain range, the period of 'the subsidence theory' and 'elevation theory' and process effected by 'metaphysics', and 'natural philosophy'. During a dominant period of 'contraction theory', the mechanical materialism hindered the guiding of dialectics of nature; when 'the mobilism' sprang up, we did not find out advanced philosophical thinking in Earth science. The Chinese ancient native view of organic theory contains rich philosophical thinking in Earth science-the concept of naturally viewing the situation as a whole of the celestial body, Earth and organisms of organic theory of dialectical materialism. From philosophy in Earth science, 'the Earth change is controlled by two kinds of processes', 'two kinds of opposing factors can be changed by itself or each other, and they can interpenetrate, conditioned by each other, and transform into each other', 'as their mutual process, they can produce extremely intricate changes' including geotectonic hypothesis of 'Wilson cycle' and 'open-close movement'. The development of geotectonic theory can get a new enlightenment from that.