苏州市1500名5岁～10岁儿童乙肝病毒感染的调查研究

Epidemic investigation on the incidence of hepatitis B infection in 1500 children aged between 5 to 10 years in Suzhou

为了解乙肝疫苗接种预防儿童乙肝病毒 (HBV )感染的效果 ,根据随机分层抽样原则 ,于1997年5月～10月对市区1500名5岁～10岁儿童进行乙肝病毒血清学检测和乙肝疫苗接种情况调查。结果表明 ,儿童HBV总感染率为3.60 % (54/1500名 ) ,随年龄增大有上升趋势 ,接种组HBV感染率为1.65 % ,未接种组为19.63 % (P<0.001) ;加强免疫的儿童抗HBs阳性率85.78 %,HBV感染率0.73 %;未进行加强免疫的儿童抗HBs阳性率为43.21 % ,HBV感染率为2.60 % (P<0.01)。提示儿童乙肝疫苗接种显著降低了儿童HBV感染率 ,但随年龄增长 ,50 %以上儿童抗HBs滴度低于保护阈值 ,HBV感染率上升 ,加强免疫接种打破了这种趋势 ,值得提倡。

In accordance with the principles of randomization and stratification,the concrete situation of the hepatitis B vaccination was investigated in 1500 children aged between 5 to 10 years in the city of Suzhou,Jiangsu province so as to evaluate the protective effect of hepatitis B vaccine on the children inoculated.As a results,the total infection rate was 3.60%(54/1500)with the increasing tendency of elder.The HBV infection rate was 1.65% in the vaccinated group,while in the uninoculated group,it was 19.63%(P<0.001).The positive rate of anti-HBs was 85.78% and the HBV infection rate was 0.73% in the boosted immunization group.However,in the unboosted immunized group,they were 43.21%(P<0.01)and 2.60%(P<0.01) respectively. Hence,the authers conclusioned that hepatitis B vaccination can significantly decrease the HBV infection rate in children.But,with the age elder the titers of the anti-HBs in more than 50% of children were lower than the protective level resulting in the HBV infection rate increasing.In order to break away from such tendency,it is highly recommended to receive the boost immunization.